PURPOSES OF LEVELING
1 PURPOSES OF LEVELING
2 TECHNICAL TERMS
3 We will Define All the Technical Terms
4 Use full For Land Surveyor's
- LEVEL LINE
- LEVEL SURFACE
- DATUM LINE
- HORIZONTAL PLANE
- VERTICAL PLANE
- HORIZONTAL LINE
- VERTICAL LINE
- REDUCED DISTANCE
- REDUCED LEVEL
- LINE OF ACCLIMATION
- AXIS OF TELESCOPE
- AXIS OF BUBBLE TUBE
- STATION POINT
- INSTRUMENT POINT
- CHANGE POINT
- BACK SIGHT ( B.S )
- FORE SIGHT ( F.S )
- INTER SIGHT ( I.S )
- HEIGHT OF INSTRUMENT ( H.I )
- PARALLAX
- PURPOSES OF LEVELING
Leveling is done for the following purposes.
1- Find out the ups and downs of different points.2- Setting new benchmarks and checking old ones.3- Determine the amount of soil erosion or filling.4- Checking the amount of water in a lake or stream.5- Find out the characteristics of the earth.6- Identify the center line for construction of road, railway line and canal etc. and determine the formation level.7- Finding horizontal and vertical distances without conventional tools.8- Lay out the locations of different sections for building construction.Technical termsDifferent technical terms are used during leveling. Which are as follows.
- Level Line :
A line that is located at a level level is called a level line.It is perpendicular to each point of the plumb line. Each point on this line is equal to the center of the earth.- Level Surface : A spherical surface with each point at equal distances from the center of the earth.
- Datum Line :
The line chosen for the datum line reference is called the datum line. It refers to the height or depth of different points. In Pakistan, the average sea level at Karachi is used as a datum line.- A Horizontal Plane
A Horizontal Plane is a flat surface that is perpendicular to one of the points on the shawl line. This level makes contact with the level line.
- Vertical plane
Vertical Plane is a level that is level vertical.
- Horizontal Lines
Any line located in a horizontal plane is a horizontal line. This line is perpendicular to Shawl's line.- The Vertical line
is the lawn located on the vertical level. The best example of this is the Shawl line.- Reduced distance
Reduced Distance is the distance measured from a given point Is Called Reduced Distance ( R.D )- Reduced level
Datum is the height or depth known by reference to the surface is Called Reduced Level ( R.L )
Video Courtesy : Ekeeda
Your Comment Will be Appreciated
Leveling is done for the following purposes.
1- Find out the ups and downs of different points.
2- Setting new benchmarks and checking old ones.
3- Determine the amount of soil erosion or filling.
4- Checking the amount of water in a lake or stream.
5- Find out the characteristics of the earth.
6- Identify the center line for construction of road, railway line and canal etc. and determine the formation level.
7- Finding horizontal and vertical distances without conventional tools.
8- Lay out the locations of different sections for building construction.
Technical terms
Different technical terms are used during leveling. Which are as follows.
- Level Line :
A line that is located at a level level is called a level line.
It is perpendicular to each point of the plumb line. Each point on this line is equal to the center of the earth.
- Level Surface : A spherical surface with each point at equal distances from the center of the earth.
- Datum Line :
The line chosen for the datum line reference is called the datum line. It refers to the height or depth of different points. In Pakistan, the average sea level at Karachi is used as a datum line.
- A Horizontal Plane
- Vertical plane
- Horizontal Lines
Any line located in a horizontal plane is a horizontal line. This line is perpendicular to Shawl's line.
- The Vertical line
is the lawn located on the vertical level. The best example of this is the Shawl line.
- Reduced distance
Reduced Distance is the distance measured from a given point Is Called Reduced Distance ( R.D )
- Reduced level
Datum is the height or depth known by reference to the surface is Called Reduced Level ( R.L )
Video Courtesy : Ekeeda
Tags:
ALL FORMULAS
ArcGIS
Auto Level
Mechanical Engineering: Particle Equilibrium (1 of 19)
Practical Experience
ROAD WORK
Survey Engineering
Surveying