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| Trimble R2 GPS |
What is a B.M ?
B.M means Bench Mark it is a level which Referenced by See level which is Supposed "0"
Is Called B.M.
It started from 0 level to High and low.
What is B.S ?
B.S means Back Sight if Survey Language.
When We take First Reading On B.M it Is our First Sight Called B.S.
What is H.I ?
Now We talk about H.I When We take our First Reading on B.M Which is B.S when We add Our B.S in B.M Value It Comes H.I
HOW,
B.M = 100 B.S 3.55 H.I = 103.55
What Is I.S ?
After the B.S We Will Take More Readings For Calculating the Earth Level That is Called Intermediate Sight .
How To find Level ?
First We Need To take Readings on Earth on Different Places
3.55 2.00 1.55 3.00 2.00 1.66
It's All Our I.S Intermediate Sights
Now LEVEL, H.I - I.S = LEVEL
HOW ,
H.I = 103.55 - I.S 3.55 LEVEL = 100
H.I = 103.55 - 2.00 LEVEL = 101.55
Now
What Is F.S ?
F.S Is a Fore Sight When We Need To Change Our Station We Take F.S For Change Point Is Used As C.P .
When We Close Our Work We Take Last Reading Is Called Fore Sight .
It Will be Our Temporary Bench Mark Also Known As CP.
F.S = 1.55
H.I - F.S = LEVEL
103.55 - 1.55 = 102.00
Types Of Bench Mark ?
There Are Four Types Of B.M .
1 ) ( G.T.S Bench Mark )
2 ) ( Permanent Bench Mark )
3 ) ( Temporary Bench Mark )
4 ) ( Arbitrary Bench Mark )
Leveling
Technical Terms Of Leveling ?
1 Level Line 2 Level Surface 3 Datum Line 4 Horizontal Plane
5 Vertical Plane 6 Horizontal Line
7 Vertical Line 8 Reduced Distance
9 Reduced Level 10 Line Of Collimation
11 Axis Of Telescope 12 Axis of Bubble Tube
13 Station Point 14 Instrument Station
15 Change point 16 Back Sight
17 Fore Sight 18 Inter Sight
19 Instrument Height 20 Parallax
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